Interactions among groups of microorganisms with rhizosphere

Abstract

The physicochemical properties of the rhizosphere have high stability, which, coupled with the constant supply of organic substrates and growth factors, favor intense metabolic activity of the populations, directly and positively influencing the microbial generation time. Soil is a place of great number and variety of biological interactions, including competition, predation, parasitism, commensalism, mutualism and phoresy. The biological interactions have the capacity to sustain the life of both plants and animals and other creatures that live in soil. The rhizosphere microbial community is represented by numerous and diverse populations in a state of dynamic equilibrium, reflecting the physical, chemical, biological environment and their relations. Therefore, the purpose of this review was to demonstrate that there is interaction among groups of microorganisms with the rhizosphere. The populations of microorganisms are important constituents of the microflora of the rhizosphere, either by plant root exudates as a carbon source favored by the metabolism of these microorganisms, or by the ability to synthesize antibiotics, allowing the use of its antagonist capacity in the biocontrol of phytopathogens, or by the influence that promotes the establishment of beneficial microorganisms such as mycorrhizae and diazotrophic; and also by the formation of actinorhizal, where it is able to fix atmospheric nitrogen.