A RELAÇÃO ENTRE ENERGIA EÓLICA OFFSHORE E PEGADA ECOLÓGICA: UM ESTUDO SOBRE SUSTENTABILIDADE NAS ENERGIAS RENOVÁVEIS<p>THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN OFFSHORE WIND ENERGY AND ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT: A STUDY ON SUSTAINABILITY IN RENEWABLE ENERGIES
Keywords:
energia eólica offshore, pegada ecológica, sustentabilidade.Abstract
A energia eólica offshore é amplamente reconhecida por sua eficácia na redução das emissões de gases de efeito estufa, contribuindo para a diversificação da matriz energética renovável. Contudo, a escolha de locais para instalação de usinas eólicas ainda levanta debates acerca de critérios socioambientais adequados. Para promover o equilíbrio entre meio ambiente, desenvolvimento e sociedade, torna-se indispensável a criação de mecanismos de avaliação de sustentabilidade. Nesse cenário, os indicadores de sustentabilidade desempenham um papel fundamental na gestão de socioecossistemas durante a implementação de turbinas eólicas, otimizando o uso de recursos e minimizando impactos negativos, com destaque especial para o cálculo da pegada ecológica nesse contexto. Este estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar a produção científica sobre a relação entre energia eólica offshore e pegada ecológica, além de identificar as principais variáveis que a influenciam. Os resultados evidenciam a conexão entre a eficiência técnica das usinas eólicas offshore e a redução da pegada ecológica, mas também destacam a necessidade de abordar, de maneira mais abrangente, os aspectos sociais, econômicos e ambientais. Conclui-se que, para viabilizar uma transição energética sustentável, é fundamental adotar uma abordagem integrada, que contemple não apenas a eficiência técnica, mas também a justiça ambiental e a adaptação às mudanças climáticas.
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